More and more businesses are accepting or holding cryptocurrencies. This requires a specific approach to accounting, taxes, and risk management—an area where mistakes are costly.
In this manual, an accounting firm Rodi Consult (Varna) summarizes the accounting treatment, taxation, and regulatory requirements for cryptocurrencies in business — updated for 2026.
In short: for accounting purposes, cryptocurrencies are treated as inventories (if held for sale in the ordinary course of business) or as intangible assets. The profit is taxed at corporate tax 10% at the company level and with 10% for individuals. From 2024, crypto assets are considered as financial assets, and the regulation MiCA is already in effect. Clear accounting policies and currency risk management are needed.
How are cryptocurrencies treated for accounting purposes?
According to the IFRS Interpretations Committee's interpretations, cryptocurrencies held for sale in the ordinary course of business are accounted for as inventories. In other cases they are treated as intangible assets.
The enterprise must accept accounting policy, which faithfully reflects its property and financial position — including the valuation method, treatment of revaluations and accounting for exchange rate differences. Under national accounting standards, depreciation is also possible, while under IAS this is not required.
Taxation
Companies: The profit made from cryptocurrency transactions is included in the taxable financial result and is taxed at corporate tax 10% under the Civil Procedure Code.
Individuals: income from the sale of a crypto asset is treated as income from financial asset and is taxed with 10% under the Personal Income Tax Act, declared in the annual tax return.
VAT: According to the case law of the Court of Justice of the EU (Hedqvist case, C-264/14), the exchange of fiat for cryptocurrency and vice versa is an exempt supply. The sale of goods and services paid for with crypto is taxed under the general rules.
MiCA and regulatory framework
The regulation MiCA introduces a single European framework for crypto-assets. A license issued in one member state allows for operation throughout the EU through the so-called. passport regime. For businesses, this means more regulatory certainty, although MiCA does not directly change tax rules.
KYC and AML in payments
When making payments with cryptocurrencies, companies comply with the measures ZMIP — Know your customer (KYC) and due diligence on transactions, with increased caution for higher values. Choosing reliable, regulated payment service providers is key to compliance.
Currency risk management
Cryptocurrencies are volatile, which creates a risk of exchange rate differences. Two practical approaches:
- Quick sale — exchanging the received cryptocurrency into fiat soon after the transaction to limit risk;
- Converting to a stablecoin, backed by fiat currency — more stable value and lower volatility.
How we help
Building an accounting policy for crypto assets, accounting and tax treatment are part of our accounting services. For a specific case study contact us or on +359 893 474 576.
See also: corporate tax и annual financial report.
FAQ
How are cryptocurrencies treated in accounting in the company?
If they are held for sale in the ordinary course of business, they are accounted for as inventories. Otherwise, they are accounted for as intangible assets. The entity must adopt a clear accounting policy for valuation, revaluation and the accounting for exchange rate differences.
What tax is levied on profits from cryptocurrencies?
At the company level, the profit is included in the taxable financial result and is subject to corporate tax 10% under the Income Tax Act. For individuals, income from the sale of a crypto asset is treated as income from a financial asset and is subject to tax 10% under the Personal Income Tax Act.
Is VAT due when exchanging cryptocurrencies?
According to the case law of the Court of Justice of the EU (Hedqvist case, C-264/14), the exchange of traditional currency for cryptocurrency and vice versa is an exempt supply for VAT purposes. However, the sale of goods and services paid for with cryptocurrency is taxed under the general rules.
What does MiCA change for businesses?
The MiCA regulation is in force in the EU and introduces a single framework for crypto-assets. A license issued in one member state allows for operation throughout the EU through a passporting regime. MiCA increases regulatory certainty but does not directly change tax rules.
What are the KYC and AML requirements?
When making payments with cryptocurrencies, companies comply with the measures under the LMIPA - customer identification (KYC) and comprehensive verification of transactions, with increased caution for higher values. It is recommended to work with reliable, regulated service providers.
The material is of an informative nature and does not replace individual consultation with an accountant or lawyer.
